The main item on the agenda for the African Union (AU) Summit in Accra in July 2007 is the creation of the United States of Africa. This returns to the center stage an idea which has been popular with many pan-Africanists since the inception of the (OAU) in 1963 - the formulation of a continental government for Africa. However, AU representatives will have to work hard at the Accra Summit and beyond to determine if, how, and when to make a United States of Africa a reality.